How does a soft starter operate in a motor control system?

A soft starter is designed to control the starting and stopping of an electric motor by gradually increasing the voltage supplied to the motor. This gradual increase in voltage reduces the initial starting current, which can be several times higher than the motor's full-load current. By limiting this inrush current, the soft starter not only protects the motor and connected equipment from mechanical stress and electrical overload but also minimizes voltage dips in the electrical supply system. This feature is particularly beneficial in applications where a sudden surge of current could cause damage or disrupt other equipment.

The soft starter often uses solid-state devices, such as thyristors or triacs, to manage the increase in voltage. As the motor gains speed, the soft starter can progressively allow more voltage, leading to a smooth start-up of the motor. This approach not only improves the longevity of the motor but also enhances the system’s overall efficiency.

The other options describe functions that do not accurately reflect how a soft starter operates. For instance, turning the motor on and off quickly would not provide the gradual control that is characteristic of a soft starter. Immediately applying full voltage to the motor contradicts the soft starter's purpose of reducing the inrush current at start-up. Eliminating the need for a motor starter overstates the